JavaMail API - Abrufen von E-Mails

Im vorherigen Kapitel haben wir gelernt, wie man E-Mails abruft. Lassen Sie uns nun sehen, wie Sie jede E-Mail abrufen und ihren Inhalt lesen. Schreiben wir eine Java-KlasseFetchingEmail Hier werden folgende Arten von E-Mails gelesen:

  • Einfache E-Mail

  • E-Mail mit Anhang

  • E-Mail mit Inline-Bild

Grundlegende Schritte im Code sind wie folgt:

  • Holen Sie sich das Session-Objekt.

  • Erstellen Sie ein POP3-Geschäftsobjekt und stellen Sie eine Verbindung zum Geschäft her.

  • Erstellen Sie ein Ordnerobjekt und öffnen Sie den entsprechenden Ordner in Ihrer Mailbox.

  • Nachrichten abrufen.

  • Schließen Sie den Ordner und speichern Sie die Objekte.

Erstellen Sie eine Java-Klasse

Erstellen Sie eine Java-Klassendatei FetchingEmail, deren Inhalt wie folgt ist:

package com.tutorialspoint;

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.Folder;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.NoSuchProviderException;
import javax.mail.Part;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Store;

public class FetchingEmail {

   public static void fetch(String pop3Host, String storeType, String user,
      String password) {
      try {
         // create properties field
         Properties properties = new Properties();
         properties.put("mail.store.protocol", "pop3");
         properties.put("mail.pop3.host", pop3Host);
         properties.put("mail.pop3.port", "995");
         properties.put("mail.pop3.starttls.enable", "true");
         Session emailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);
         // emailSession.setDebug(true);

         // create the POP3 store object and connect with the pop server
         Store store = emailSession.getStore("pop3s");

         store.connect(pop3Host, user, password);

         // create the folder object and open it
         Folder emailFolder = store.getFolder("INBOX");
         emailFolder.open(Folder.READ_ONLY);

         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
	      System.in));

         // retrieve the messages from the folder in an array and print it
         Message[] messages = emailFolder.getMessages();
         System.out.println("messages.length---" + messages.length);

         for (int i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) {
            Message message = messages[i];
            System.out.println("---------------------------------");
            writePart(message);
            String line = reader.readLine();
            if ("YES".equals(line)) {
               message.writeTo(System.out);
            } else if ("QUIT".equals(line)) {
               break;
            }
         }

         // close the store and folder objects
         emailFolder.close(false);
         store.close();

      } catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (MessagingException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (IOException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {

      String host = "pop.gmail.com";// change accordingly
      String mailStoreType = "pop3";
      String username = 
         "[email protected]";// change accordingly
      String password = "*****";// change accordingly

      //Call method fetch
      fetch(host, mailStoreType, username, password);

   }

   /*
   * This method checks for content-type 
   * based on which, it processes and
   * fetches the content of the message
   */
   public static void writePart(Part p) throws Exception {
      if (p instanceof Message)
         //Call methos writeEnvelope
         writeEnvelope((Message) p);

      System.out.println("----------------------------");
      System.out.println("CONTENT-TYPE: " + p.getContentType());

      //check if the content is plain text
      if (p.isMimeType("text/plain")) {
         System.out.println("This is plain text");
         System.out.println("---------------------------");
         System.out.println((String) p.getContent());
      } 
      //check if the content has attachment
      else if (p.isMimeType("multipart/*")) {
         System.out.println("This is a Multipart");
         System.out.println("---------------------------");
         Multipart mp = (Multipart) p.getContent();
         int count = mp.getCount();
         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
            writePart(mp.getBodyPart(i));
      } 
      //check if the content is a nested message
      else if (p.isMimeType("message/rfc822")) {
         System.out.println("This is a Nested Message");
         System.out.println("---------------------------");
         writePart((Part) p.getContent());
      } 
      //check if the content is an inline image
      else if (p.isMimeType("image/jpeg")) {
         System.out.println("--------> image/jpeg");
         Object o = p.getContent();

         InputStream x = (InputStream) o;
         // Construct the required byte array
         System.out.println("x.length = " + x.available());
         while ((i = (int) ((InputStream) x).available()) > 0) {
            int result = (int) (((InputStream) x).read(bArray));
            if (result == -1)
         int i = 0;
         byte[] bArray = new byte[x.available()];

            break;
         }
         FileOutputStream f2 = new FileOutputStream("/tmp/image.jpg");
         f2.write(bArray);
      } 
      else if (p.getContentType().contains("image/")) {
         System.out.println("content type" + p.getContentType());
         File f = new File("image" + new Date().getTime() + ".jpg");
         DataOutputStream output = new DataOutputStream(
            new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(f)));
            com.sun.mail.util.BASE64DecoderStream test = 
                 (com.sun.mail.util.BASE64DecoderStream) p
                  .getContent();
         byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
         int bytesRead;
         while ((bytesRead = test.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            output.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
         }
      } 
      else {
         Object o = p.getContent();
         if (o instanceof String) {
            System.out.println("This is a string");
            System.out.println("---------------------------");
            System.out.println((String) o);
         } 
         else if (o instanceof InputStream) {
            System.out.println("This is just an input stream");
            System.out.println("---------------------------");
            InputStream is = (InputStream) o;
            is = (InputStream) o;
            int c;
            while ((c = is.read()) != -1)
               System.out.write(c);
         } 
         else {
            System.out.println("This is an unknown type");
            System.out.println("---------------------------");
            System.out.println(o.toString());
         }
      }

   }
   /*
   * This method would print FROM,TO and SUBJECT of the message
   */
   public static void writeEnvelope(Message m) throws Exception {
      System.out.println("This is the message envelope");
      System.out.println("---------------------------");
      Address[] a;

      // FROM
      if ((a = m.getFrom()) != null) {
         for (int j = 0; j < a.length; j++)
         System.out.println("FROM: " + a[j].toString());
      }

      // TO
      if ((a = m.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO)) != null) {
         for (int j = 0; j < a.length; j++)
         System.out.println("TO: " + a[j].toString());
      }

      // SUBJECT
      if (m.getSubject() != null)
         System.out.println("SUBJECT: " + m.getSubject());

   }

}
Sie können das Debuggen aktivieren, indem Sie die Anweisung emailSession.setDebug (true) auskommentieren.

Kompilieren und ausführen

Nachdem unsere Klasse fertig ist, lassen Sie uns die obige Klasse kompilieren. Ich habe die Klasse FetchingEmail.java im Verzeichnis gespeichert:/home/manisha/JavaMailAPIExercise. Wir müssten die Gläser javax.mail.jar und activation.jar in dem Classpath. Führen Sie den folgenden Befehl aus, um die Klasse (beide Jars befinden sich im Verzeichnis / home / manisha /) an der Eingabeaufforderung zu kompilieren:

javac -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: FetchingEmail.java

Führen Sie nach dem Kompilieren der Klasse den folgenden Befehl aus, um Folgendes auszuführen:

java -cp /home/manisha/activation.jar:/home/manisha/javax.mail.jar: FetchingEmail

Überprüfen Sie die Ausgabe

Auf der Befehlskonsole sollte die folgende Meldung angezeigt werden:

messages.length---3
---------------------------------
This is the message envelope
---------------------------
FROM: XYZ <[email protected]>
TO: ABC <[email protected]>
SUBJECT: Simple Message
----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: multipart/alternative; boundary=047d7b343d6ad3e4ea04e8ec6579
This is a Multipart
---------------------------

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
This is plain text
---------------------------
Hi am a simple message string....

-- 
Regards
xyz

This is the message envelope
---------------------------
FROM: XYZ <[email protected]>
TO: ABC <[email protected]>
SUBJECT: Attachement
----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: multipart/mixed; boundary=047d7b343d6a99180904e8ec6751
This is a Multipart
---------------------------

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
This is plain text
---------------------------
Hi I've an attachment.Please check

-- 
Regards
XYZ

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: application/octet-stream; name=sample_attachement
This is just an input stream
---------------------------
Submit your Tutorials, White Papers and Articles into our Tutorials Directory. This is a tutorials database where we are keeping all the tutorials shared by the internet community for the benefit of others.


This is the message envelope
---------------------------
FROM: XYZ <[email protected]>
TO: ABC <[email protected]>
SUBJECT: Inline Image
----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: multipart/related; boundary=f46d04182582be803504e8ece94b
This is a Multipart
---------------------------

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
This is plain text
---------------------------
Hi I've an inline image


[image: Inline image 3]

-- 
Regards
XYZ

----------------------------
CONTENT-TYPE: image/png; name="javamail-mini-logo.png"
content typeimage/png; name="javamail-mini-logo.png"

Hier sehen Sie drei E-Mails in unserer Mailbox. Zuerst eine einfache Mail mit der Nachricht "Hi am a simple message string ....". Die zweite Mail hat einen Anhang. Der Inhalt des Anhangs wird ebenfalls wie oben dargestellt gedruckt. Die dritte Mail hat ein Inline-Bild.

ja/tutorial
es/tutorial
de/tutorial
fr/tutorial
th/tutorial
pt/tutorial
ru/tutorial
vi/tutorial
it/tutorial
ko/tutorial
tr/tutorial
id/tutorial
pl/tutorial
hi/tutorial
japost
espost
depost
frpost
thpost
ptpost
rupost
vipost
itpost
kopost
trpost
idpost
plpost
hipost

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