Blockchain Python - Adicionando Blocos
Cada minerador pegará as transações de um pool de transações criado anteriormente. Para rastrear o número de mensagens já exploradas, temos que criar uma variável global -
last_transaction_index = 0Agora teremos nosso primeiro minerador adicionando um bloco ao blockchain.
Adicionando o Primeiro Bloco
Para adicionar um novo bloco, primeiro criamos uma instância do Block classe.
block = Block()Pegamos as 3 principais transações da fila -
for i in range(3):
temp_transaction = transactions[last_transaction_index]
# validate transactionAntes de adicionar a transação ao bloco, o minerador verificará a validade da transação. A validade da transação é verificada por meio do teste de igualdade entre o hash fornecido pelo remetente e o hash gerado pelo minerador usando a chave pública do remetente. Além disso, o minerador verificará se o remetente tem saldo suficiente para pagar a transação atual.
Para resumir, não incluímos essa funcionalidade no tutorial. Depois que a transação é validada, nós a adicionamos aoverified_transactions lista no block instância.
block.verified_transactions.append (temp_transaction)Incrementamos o índice da última transação para que o próximo minerador pegue as transações subsequentes na fila.
last_transaction_index += 1Adicionamos exatamente três transações ao bloco. Feito isso, inicializaremos o resto das variáveis de instância doBlockclasse. Primeiro adicionamos o hash do último bloco.
block.previous_block_hash = last_block_hashEm seguida, exploramos o bloco com um nível de dificuldade 2.
block.Nonce = mine (block, 2)Observe que o primeiro parâmetro para o minefunção é um objeto binário. Agora, hash o bloco inteiro e criamos um resumo sobre ele.
digest = hash (block)Finalmente, adicionamos o bloco criado ao blockchain e reinicializamos a variável global last_block_hash para o uso no próximo bloco.
Todo o código para adicionar o bloco é mostrado abaixo -
block = Block()
for i in range(3):
temp_transaction = transactions[last_transaction_index]
# validate transaction
# if valid
block.verified_transactions.append (temp_transaction)
last_transaction_index += 1
block.previous_block_hash = last_block_hash
block.Nonce = mine (block, 2)
digest = hash (block)
TPCoins.append (block)
last_block_hash = digestAdicionando mais blocos
Agora vamos adicionar mais dois blocos ao nosso blockchain. O código para adicionar os próximos dois blocos é fornecido abaixo -
# Miner 2 adds a block
block = Block()
for i in range(3):
temp_transaction = transactions[last_transaction_index]
# validate transaction
# if valid
block.verified_transactions.append (temp_transaction)
last_transaction_index += 1
block.previous_block_hash = last_block_hash
block.Nonce = mine (block, 2)digest = hash (block)
TPCoins.append (block)last_block_hash = digest
# Miner 3 adds a block
block = Block()
for i in range(3):
temp_transaction = transactions[last_transaction_index]
#display_transaction (temp_transaction)
# validate transaction
# if valid
block.verified_transactions.append (temp_transaction)
last_transaction_index += 1
block.previous_block_hash = last_block_hash
block.Nonce = mine (block, 2)
digest = hash (block)
TPCoins.append (block)
last_block_hash = digestAo adicionar esses dois blocos, você também verá o número de iterações necessárias para encontrar o Nonce. Neste ponto, nosso blockchain consiste em 4 blocos, incluindo o bloco de gênese.
Despejando Blockchain inteiro
Você pode verificar o conteúdo de todo o blockchain usando a seguinte declaração -
dump_blockchain(TPCoins)Você veria uma saída semelhante à mostrada abaixo -
Number of blocks in the chain: 4
block # 0
sender: Genesis
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100ed272b52ccb539e2cd779
c6cc10ed1dfadf5d97c6ab6de90ed0372b2655626fb79f62d0e01081c163b0864cc68d426bbe943
8e8566303bb77414d4bfcaa3468ab7febac099294de10273a816f7047d4087b4bafa11f141544d4
8e2f10b842cab91faf33153900c7bf6c08c9e47a7df8aa7e60dc9e0798fb2ba3484bbdad2e44302
03010001
-----
value: 500.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:02.042739
-----
--------------
=====================================
block # 1
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100bb064c99c492144a9f463
480273aba93ac1db1f0da3cb9f3c1f9d058cf499fd8e54d244da0a8dd6ddd329ec86794b04d773e
b4841c9f935ea4d9ccc2821c7a1082d23b6c928d59863407f52fa05d8b47e5157f8fe56c2ce3279
c657f9c6a80500073b0be8093f748aef667c03e64f04f84d311c4d866c12d79d3fc3034563dfb02
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100be93b516b28c6e674abe7
abdb11ce0fdf5bb728b75216b73f37a6432e4b402b3ad8139b8c0ba541a72c8add126b6e1a1308f
b98b727beb63c6060356bb177bb7d54b54dbe87aee7353d0a6baa9397704de625d1836d3f42c7ee
5683f6703259592cc24b09699376807f28fe0e00ff882974484d805f874260dfc2d1627473b9102
03010001
-----
value: 15.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.859915
-----
--------------
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100bb064c99c492144a9f463
480273aba93ac1db1f0da3cb9f3c1f9d058cf499fd8e54d244da0a8dd6ddd329ec86794b04d773e
b4841c9f935ea4d9ccc2821c7a1082d23b6c928d59863407f52fa05d8b47e5157f8fe56c2ce3279
c657f9c6a80500073b0be8093f748aef667c03e64f04f84d311c4d866c12d79d3fc3034563dfb02
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100a070c82b34ae143cbe59b
3a2afde7186e9d5bc274955d8112d87a00256a35369acc4d0edfe65e8f9dc93fbd9ee74b9e7ea12
334da38c8c9900e6ced1c4ce93f86e06611e656521a1eab561892b7db0961b4f212d1fd5b5e49ae
09cf8c603a068f9b723aa8a651032ff6f24e5de00387e4d062375799742a359b8f22c5362e56502
03010001
-----
value: 6.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.860966
-----
--------------
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100be93b516b28c6e674abe7
abdb11ce0fdf5bb728b75216b73f37a6432e4b402b3ad8139b8c0ba541a72c8add126b6e1a1308f
b98b727beb63c6060356bb177bb7d54b54dbe87aee7353d0a6baa9397704de625d1836d3f42c7ee
5683f6703259592cc24b09699376807f28fe0e00ff882974484d805f874260dfc2d1627473b9102
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100cba097c0854876f41338c
62598c658f545182cfa4acebce147aedf328181f9c4930f14498fd03c0af6b0cce25be99452a81d
f4fa30a53eddbb7bb7b203adf8764a0ccd9db6913a576d68d642d8fd47452590137869c25d9ff83
d68ebe6d616056a8425b85b52e69715b8b85ae807b84638d8f00e321b65e4c33acaf6469e18e302
03010001
-----
value: 2.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.861958
-----
--------------
=====================================
block # 2
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100a070c82b34ae143cbe59b
3a2afde7186e9d5bc274955d8112d87a00256a35369acc4d0edfe65e8f9dc93fbd9ee74b9e7ea12
334da38c8c9900e6ced1c4ce93f86e06611e656521a1eab561892b7db0961b4f212d1fd5b5e49ae
09cf8c603a068f9b723aa8a651032ff6f24e5de00387e4d062375799742a359b8f22c5362e56502
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100be93b516b28c6e674abe7
abdb11ce0fdf5bb728b75216b73f37a6432e4b402b3ad8139b8c0ba541a72c8add126b6e1a1308f
b98b727beb63c6060356bb177bb7d54b54dbe87aee7353d0a6baa9397704de625d1836d3f42c7ee
5683f6703259592cc24b09699376807f28fe0e00ff882974484d805f874260dfc2d1627473b9102
03010001
-----
value: 4.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.862946
-----
--------------
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100cba097c0854876f41338c
62598c658f545182cfa4acebce147aedf328181f9c4930f14498fd03c0af6b0cce25be99452a81d
f4fa30a53eddbb7bb7b203adf8764a0ccd9db6913a576d68d642d8fd47452590137869c25d9ff83
d68ebe6d616056a8425b85b52e69715b8b85ae807b84638d8f00e321b65e4c33acaf6469e18e302
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100a070c82b34ae143cbe59b
3a2afde7186e9d5bc274955d8112d87a00256a35369acc4d0edfe65e8f9dc93fbd9ee74b9e7ea12
334da38c8c9900e6ced1c4ce93f86e06611e656521a1eab561892b7db0961b4f212d1fd5b5e49ae
09cf8c603a068f9b723aa8a651032ff6f24e5de00387e4d062375799742a359b8f22c5362e56502
03010001
-----
value: 7.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.863932
-----
--------------
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100be93b516b28c6e674abe7
abdb11ce0fdf5bb728b75216b73f37a6432e4b402b3ad8139b8c0ba541a72c8add126b6e1a1308f
b98b727beb63c6060356bb177bb7d54b54dbe87aee7353d0a6baa9397704de625d1836d3f42c7ee
5683f6703259592cc24b09699376807f28fe0e00ff882974484d805f874260dfc2d1627473b9102
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100a070c82b34ae143cbe59b
3a2afde7186e9d5bc274955d8112d87a00256a35369acc4d0edfe65e8f9dc93fbd9ee74b9e7ea12
334da38c8c9900e6ced1c4ce93f86e06611e656521a1eab561892b7db0961b4f212d1fd5b5e49ae
09cf8c603a068f9b723aa8a651032ff6f24e5de00387e4d062375799742a359b8f22c5362e56502
03010001
-----
value: 3.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.865099
-----
--------------
=====================================
block # 3
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100a070c82b34ae143cbe59b
3a2afde7186e9d5bc274955d8112d87a00256a35369acc4d0edfe65e8f9dc93fbd9ee74b9e7ea12
334da38c8c9900e6ced1c4ce93f86e06611e656521a1eab561892b7db0961b4f212d1fd5b5e49ae
09cf8c603a068f9b723aa8a651032ff6f24e5de00387e4d062375799742a359b8f22c5362e56502
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100bb064c99c492144a9f463
480273aba93ac1db1f0da3cb9f3c1f9d058cf499fd8e54d244da0a8dd6ddd329ec86794b04d773e
b4841c9f935ea4d9ccc2821c7a1082d23b6c928d59863407f52fa05d8b47e5157f8fe56c2ce3279
c657f9c6a80500073b0be8093f748aef667c03e64f04f84d311c4d866c12d79d3fc3034563dfb02
03010001
-----
value: 8.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.866219
-----
--------------
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100a070c82b34ae143cbe59b
3a2afde7186e9d5bc274955d8112d87a00256a35369acc4d0edfe65e8f9dc93fbd9ee74b9e7ea12
334da38c8c9900e6ced1c4ce93f86e06611e656521a1eab561892b7db0961b4f212d1fd5b5e49ae
09cf8c603a068f9b723aa8a651032ff6f24e5de00387e4d062375799742a359b8f22c5362e56502
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100be93b516b28c6e674abe7
abdb11ce0fdf5bb728b75216b73f37a6432e4b402b3ad8139b8c0ba541a72c8add126b6e1a1308f
b98b727beb63c6060356bb177bb7d54b54dbe87aee7353d0a6baa9397704de625d1836d3f42c7ee
5683f6703259592cc24b09699376807f28fe0e00ff882974484d805f874260dfc2d1627473b9102
03010001
-----
value: 1.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.867223
-----
--------------
sender:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100cba097c0854876f41338c
62598c658f545182cfa4acebce147aedf328181f9c4930f14498fd03c0af6b0cce25be99452a81d
f4fa30a53eddbb7bb7b203adf8764a0ccd9db6913a576d68d642d8fd47452590137869c25d9ff83
d68ebe6d616056a8425b85b52e69715b8b85ae807b84638d8f00e321b65e4c33acaf6469e18e302
03010001
-----
recipient:
30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100bb064c99c492144a9f463
480273aba93ac1db1f0da3cb9f3c1f9d058cf499fd8e54d244da0a8dd6ddd329ec86794b04d773e
b4841c9f935ea4d9ccc2821c7a1082d23b6c928d59863407f52fa05d8b47e5157f8fe56c2ce3279
c657f9c6a80500073b0be8093f748aef667c03e64f04f84d311c4d866c12d79d3fc3034563dfb02
03010001
-----
value: 5.0
-----
time: 2019-01-14 16:18:01.868241
-----
--------------
=====================================