Bootstrap 4 - Layout

O Bootstrap 4 usa classes de contêiner para envolver o conteúdo da página. Ele contém duas classes de contêiner -

.container - Representa um contêiner de largura fixa.
.container-fluid - Representa um contêiner de largura total.

Recipiente

A classe .container é usada para envolver o conteúdo da página com largura fixa e o conteúdo pode ser colocado no centro facilmente usando a classe .container conforme mostrado abaixo.

<div class = "container">
   ...
</div>

Exemplo

O exemplo abaixo especifica uma página da web simples com contêiner de largura fixa -

<html lang = "en">
   <head>
      <!-- Meta tags -->
      <meta charset = "utf-8">
      <meta name = "viewport" content = "width = device-width, initial-scale = 1, shrink-to-fit = no">
      
      <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
      <link rel = "stylesheet" 
         href = "https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" 
         integrity = "sha384-MCw98/SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8ERdknLPMO" 
         crossorigin = "anonymous">
      <title>Bootstrap 4 Example</title>
      <style>
         .container {
            background: #a52c644a;
            text-align: center;
            padding-top: 100px;
            padding-bottom: 100px;
         }   
      </style>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <div class = "container">
         <h2>Fixed Width Container</h2>
         This is a simple web page with fixed width container by using 
         <code>.container</code> class.
      </div>
      
      <!-- jQuery first, then Popper.js, then Bootstrap JS -->
      <script src = "https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js" 
         integrity = "sha384-q8i/X+965DzO0rT7abK41JStQIAqVgRVzpbzo5smXKp4YfRvH+8abtTE1Pi6jizo" 
         crossorigin = "anonymous">
      </script>
      
      <script src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.3/umd/popper.min.js" 
         integrity = "sha384-ZMP7rVo3mIykV+2+9J3UJ46jBk0WLaUAdn689aCwoqbBJiSnjAK/l8WvCWPIPm49" 
         crossorigin = "anonymous">
      </script>
      
      <script src = "https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/js/bootstrap.min.js" 
         integrity = "sha384-ChfqqxuZUCnJSK3+MXmPNIyE6ZbWh2IMqE241rYiqJxyMiZ6OW/JmZQ5stwEULTy" 
         crossorigin = "anonymous">
      </script>
      
   </body>
</html>

Isso produzirá o seguinte resultado -

Resultado

Recipiente de fluido

Você pode criar um contêiner de largura total usando a classe .container-fluid conforme mostrado abaixo.

<div class = "container-fluid">
   ...
</div>

O exemplo a seguir especifica uma página da web simples com contêiner de largura total -

Exemplo

<html lang = "en">
   <head>
      <!-- Meta tags -->
      <meta charset = "utf-8">
      <meta name = "viewport" content = "width = device-width, initial-scale = 1, shrink-to-fit = no">
      
      <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
      <link rel = "stylesheet" 
         href = "https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" 
         integrity = "sha384-MCw98/SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8ERdknLPMO" 
         crossorigin = "anonymous">
      <title>Bootstrap 4 Example</title>
       <style>
         .container-fluid {
            background: #a52c644a;
            text-align: center;
            padding-top: 100px;
            padding-bottom: 100px;
         }   
      </style>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <div class = "container-fluid">
         <h2>Full Width Container</h2>
         This is a simple web page with full width container by using 
         <code>.container-fluid</code> class.
      </div>
      
      <!-- jQuery first, then Popper.js, then Bootstrap JS -->
      <script src = "https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js" 
         integrity = "sha384-q8i/X+965DzO0rT7abK41JStQIAqVgRVzpbzo5smXKp4YfRvH+8abtTE1Pi6jizo" 
         crossorigin = "anonymous">
      </script>
      
      <script src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/popper.js/1.14.3/umd/popper.min.js" 
         integrity =" sha384-ZMP7rVo3mIykV+2+9J3UJ46jBk0WLaUAdn689aCwoqbBJiSnjAK/l8WvCWPIPm49" 
         crossorigin = "anonymous">
      </script>
      
      <script src = "https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/js/bootstrap.min.js" 
         integrity = "sha384-ChfqqxuZUCnJSK3+MXmPNIyE6ZbWh2IMqE241rYiqJxyMiZ6OW/JmZQ5stwEULTy" 
         crossorigin = "anonymous">
      </script>
      
   </body>
</html>

Isso produzirá o seguinte resultado -

Resultado