JOGL - Kubus 3D
Pada bab sebelumnya kita telah melihat cara menggambar segitiga 3d dan memutarnya. Sekarang di bab ini Anda dapat mempelajari cara membuat kubus 3d, cara memutarnya, cara memasang gambar di atasnya. Dengan cara yang sama, Bab ini memberikan contoh menggambar kubus 3D dan menerapkan warna padanya dan melampirkan gambar padanya.
Di bawah ini diberikan adalah program untuk menggambar kubus 3d dan menerapkan warna padanya.
import java.awt.DisplayMode;
import javax.media.opengl.GL2;
import javax.media.opengl.GLAutoDrawable;
import javax.media.opengl.GLCapabilities;
import javax.media.opengl.GLEventListener;
import javax.media.opengl.GLProfile;
import javax.media.opengl.awt.GLCanvas;
import javax.media.opengl.glu.GLU;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.FPSAnimator;
public class Cube implements GLEventListener {
public static DisplayMode dm, dm_old;
private GLU glu = new GLU();
private float rquad = 0.0f;
@Override
public void display( GLAutoDrawable drawable ) {
final GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
gl.glClear(GL2.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL2.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT );
gl.glLoadIdentity();
gl.glTranslatef( 0f, 0f, -5.0f );
// Rotate The Cube On X, Y & Z
gl.glRotatef(rquad, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
//giving different colors to different sides
gl.glBegin(GL2.GL_QUADS); // Start Drawing The Cube
gl.glColor3f(1f,0f,0f); //red color
gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f); // Top Right Of The Quad (Top)
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f); // Top Left Of The Quad (Top)
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ); // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Top)
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ); // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Top)
gl.glColor3f( 0f,1f,0f ); //green color
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f ); // Top Right Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f ); // Top Left Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f ); // Bottom Left Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f ); // Bottom Right Of The Quad
gl.glColor3f( 0f,0f,1f ); //blue color
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ); // Top Right Of The Quad (Front)
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ); // Top Left Of The Quad (Front)
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f ); // Bottom Left Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f ); // Bottom Right Of The Quad
gl.glColor3f( 1f,1f,0f ); //yellow (red + green)
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f ); // Bottom Left Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f ); // Bottom Right Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f ); // Top Right Of The Quad (Back)
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f ); // Top Left Of The Quad (Back)
gl.glColor3f( 1f,0f,1f ); //purple (red + green)
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ); // Top Right Of The Quad (Left)
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f ); // Top Left Of The Quad (Left)
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f ); // Bottom Left Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f ); // Bottom Right Of The Quad
gl.glColor3f( 0f,1f, 1f ); //sky blue (blue +green)
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f ); // Top Right Of The Quad (Right)
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f ); // Top Left Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f ); // Bottom Left Of The Quad
gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f ); // Bottom Right Of The Quad
gl.glEnd(); // Done Drawing The Quad
gl.glFlush();
rquad -= 0.15f;
}
@Override
public void dispose( GLAutoDrawable drawable ) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void init( GLAutoDrawable drawable ) {
final GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
gl.glShadeModel( GL2.GL_SMOOTH );
gl.glClearColor( 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f );
gl.glClearDepth( 1.0f );
gl.glEnable( GL2.GL_DEPTH_TEST );
gl.glDepthFunc( GL2.GL_LEQUAL );
gl.glHint( GL2.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL2.GL_NICEST );
}
@Override
public void reshape( GLAutoDrawable drawable, int x, int y, int width, int height ) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
final GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
if( height lt;= 0 )
height = 1;
final float h = ( float ) width / ( float ) height;
gl.glViewport( 0, 0, width, height );
gl.glMatrixMode( GL2.GL_PROJECTION );
gl.glLoadIdentity();
glu.gluPerspective( 45.0f, h, 1.0, 20.0 );
gl.glMatrixMode( GL2.GL_MODELVIEW );
gl.glLoadIdentity();
}
public static void main( String[] args ) {
final GLProfile profile = GLProfile.get( GLProfile.GL2 );
GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities( profile );
// The canvas
final GLCanvas glcanvas = new GLCanvas( capabilities );
Cube cube = new Cube();
glcanvas.addGLEventListener( cube );
glcanvas.setSize( 400, 400 );
final JFrame frame = new JFrame ( " Multicolored cube" );
frame.getContentPane().add( glcanvas );
frame.setSize( frame.getContentPane().getPreferredSize() );
frame.setVisible( true );
final FPSAnimator animator = new FPSAnimator(glcanvas, 300,true);
animator.start();
}
}Ketika Anda mengkompilasi dan menjalankan program di atas, keluaran berikut akan dihasilkan. Ini menunjukkan kubus 3D berwarna.
Menerapkan Tekstur ke Kubus
Langkah-langkah berikut diberikan untuk menerapkan tekstur pada kubus -
Anda dapat mengikat tekstur yang diperlukan ke kubus menggunakan gl.glBindTexture(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D.texture) metode antarmuka Drawable.
Metode ini membutuhkan argumen texture (int) bersama dengan GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D(int).
Sebelum Anda mengeksekusi Display(), Anda perlu membuat variabel tekstur
Dalam init() metode atau di baris awal glDisplay() metode, aktifkan tekstur using gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D) metode.
Buat objek tekstur, yang membutuhkan objek file sebagai parameter, yang pada gilirannya membutuhkan jalur gambar yang digunakan sebagai tekstur objek.
File file = new File(“c:\\pictures\\boy.jpg”);
Texture t = textureIO.newTexture(file, true);
texture = t.getTextureObject(gl);- Tangani pengecualian 'file tidak ditemukan'
Di bawah ini diberikan adalah program untuk melampirkan gambar pada sebuah kubus.
import java.awt.DisplayMode;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.media.opengl.GL2;
import javax.media.opengl.GLAutoDrawable;
import javax.media.opengl.GLCapabilities;
import javax.media.opengl.GLEventListener;
import javax.media.opengl.GLProfile;
import javax.media.opengl.awt.GLCanvas;
import javax.media.opengl.glu.GLU;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.FPSAnimator;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.texture.Texture;
import com.jogamp.opengl.util.texture.TextureIO;
public class CubeTexture implements GLEventListener {
public static DisplayMode dm, dm_old;
private GLU glu = new GLU();
private float xrot,yrot,zrot;
private int texture;
@Override
public void display(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
final GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
gl.glClear(GL2.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL2.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
gl.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The View
gl.glTranslatef(0f, 0f, -5.0f);
gl.glRotatef(xrot, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glRotatef(yrot, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
gl.glRotatef(zrot, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glBindTexture(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
gl.glBegin(GL2.GL_QUADS);
// Front Face
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
// Back Face
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
// Top Face
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
// Bottom Face
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
// Right face
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f( 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
// Left Face
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 0.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 1.0f); gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
gl.glEnd();
gl.glFlush();
//change the speeds here
xrot += .1f;
yrot += .1f;
zrot += .1f;
}
@Override
public void dispose(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
// method body
}
@Override
public void init(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
final GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
gl.glShadeModel(GL2.GL_SMOOTH);
gl.glClearColor(0f, 0f, 0f, 0f);
gl.glClearDepth(1.0f);
gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
gl.glDepthFunc(GL2.GL_LEQUAL);
gl.glHint(GL2.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL2.GL_NICEST);
//
gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_TEXTURE_2D);
try{
File im = new File("E:\\office\\boy.jpg ");
Texture t = TextureIO.newTexture(im, true);
texture= t.getTextureObject(gl);
}catch(IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void reshape(GLAutoDrawable drawable, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
final GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2();
if(height lt;= 0)
height = 1;
final float h = (float) width / (float) height;
gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_PROJECTION);
gl.glLoadIdentity();
glu.gluPerspective(45.0f, h, 1.0, 20.0);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_MODELVIEW);
gl.glLoadIdentity();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
final GLProfile profile = GLProfile.get(GLProfile.GL2);
GLCapabilities capabilities = new GLCapabilities(profile);
// The canvas
final GLCanvas glcanvas = new GLCanvas(capabilities);
CubeTexture r = new CubeTexture();
glcanvas.addGLEventListener(r);
glcanvas.setSize(400, 400);
final JFrame frame = new JFrame (" Textured Cube");
frame.getContentPane().add(glcanvas);
frame.setSize(frame.getContentPane().getPreferredSize());
frame.setVisible(true);
final FPSAnimator animator = new FPSAnimator(glcanvas, 300, true);
animator.start();
}
}Ketika Anda mengkompilasi dan menjalankan program di atas, keluaran berikut akan dihasilkan. Anda dapat melihat kubus 3D dengan tekstur yang diinginkan diterapkan di atasnya.
