Cron job tidak berjalan

Question

Saya memiliki tugas cron yang harus dijalankan seminggu sekali update, upgradedan autocleantepat, tetapi sepertinya tidak pernah berhasil, setidaknya sejauh yang saya tahu.

Ini terlihat karena berjalan sudo apt-get upgrade(beberapa minggu setelah tugas cron ditambahkan) menunjukkan ada paket yang siap untuk ditingkatkan.

Sistem Informasi

Linux squire 4.15.0-88-generic #88-Ubuntu SMP Tue Feb 11 20:11:34 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Pekerjaan Cron

$ sudo crontab -e

0 12 * * 1 apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get -y autoclean

Proses

$ ps -aux | grep cron

root       674  0.0  0.0   4640   768 ?        Ss   Oct14   0:01 /bin/sh /snap/nextcloud/23743/bin/nextcloud-cron
root       757  0.0  0.0  31320  1636 ?        Ss   Jul27   0:17 /usr/sbin/cron -f
squire   22697  0.0  0.0  14428  1000 pts/0    R+   15:25   0:00 grep --color=auto cron

Layanan Systemd

● cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/cron.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-07-27 22:15:57 UTC; 2 months 27 days ago
     Docs: man:cron(8)
 Main PID: 757 (cron)
    Tasks: 1 (limit: 2312)
   CGroup: /system.slice/cron.service
           └─757 /usr/sbin/cron -f

Oct 24 14:09:01 squire CRON[15986]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
Oct 24 14:17:01 squire CRON[16575]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Oct 24 14:17:01 squire CRON[16576]: (root) CMD (   cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
Oct 24 14:17:01 squire CRON[16575]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
Oct 24 15:03:01 squire cron[757]: (root) RELOAD (crontabs/root)
Oct 24 15:09:01 squire CRON[21350]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Oct 24 15:09:01 squire CRON[21350]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root
Oct 24 15:17:01 squire CRON[22008]: pam_unix(cron:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Oct 24 15:17:01 squire CRON[22009]: (root) CMD (   cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
Oct 24 15:17:01 squire CRON[22008]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root

Peningkatan manual

$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Hit:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/certbot/certbot/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
Hit:3 https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org bionic InRelease
Hit:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease      
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]
Fetched 252 kB in 1s (178 kB/s)                               
Reading package lists... Done
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
  base-files linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic netplan.io python3-parsedatetime ubuntu-server
The following packages will be upgraded:
  cryptsetup cryptsetup-bin libcryptsetup12 libfreetype6
4 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
Need to get 714 kB of archives.
After this operation, 6,144 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 

Memperbarui tugas cron untuk pengujian keluaran

0 12 * * 1 ( apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get -y autoclean ) >/tmp/apt.cron.log 2>&2

Log dari tes

Hit:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/certbot/certbot/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease
Hit:3 https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org bionic InRelease
Hit:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease
Hit:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease
Reading package lists...
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Calculating upgrade...
The following packages have been kept back:
  base-files linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic
  netplan.io python3-parsedatetime ubuntu-server
The following packages will be upgraded:
  cryptsetup cryptsetup-bin libcryptsetup12 libfreetype6
4 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
Need to get 714 kB of archives.
After this operation, 6,144 B of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libcryptsetup12 amd64 2:2.0.2-1ubuntu1.2 [134 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 cryptsetup-bin amd64 2:2.0.2-1ubuntu1.2 [93.0 kB]
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 cryptsetup amd64 2:2.0.2-1ubuntu1.2 [152 kB]
Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libfreetype6 amd64 2.8.1-2ubuntu2.1 [335 kB]
Fetched 714 kB in 1s (997 kB/s)
dpkg: warning: 'ldconfig' not found in PATH or not executable
dpkg: warning: 'start-stop-daemon' not found in PATH or not executable
dpkg: error: 2 expected programs not found in PATH or not executable
Note: root's PATH should usually contain /usr/local/sbin, /usr/sbin and /sbin

Answer 1

Saya baru saja melihat pesan kesalahan Anda dari log run

dpkg: warning: 'ldconfig' not found in PATH or not executable
dpkg: warning: 'start-stop-daemon' not found in PATH or not executable
dpkg: error: 2 expected programs not found in PATH or not executable

dan

Note: root's PATH should usually contain /usr/local/sbin, /usr/sbin and /sbin

Di suatu tempat di dekat bagian atas - di atas definisi pekerjaan Anda - harus ada satu atau dua baris baris ini

SHELL=/bin/bash
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin

Anda tidak benar-benar membutuhkan SHELLsaluran tetapi karena sebagian besar hal lain di sistem berbasis Linux cenderung berjalan dengan bashsaya akan merekomendasikannya.

Jika Anda tidak memiliki apa pun di dalam /usr/localAnda, Anda dapat menghapus PATHbaris yang telah saya berikan kepada Anda kembali hanya ke empat direktori pertama. Tapi secara default cron's PATHtidak termasuk dua sbindirektori yang mengapa hal itu erroring dengan perintah tidak ditemukan.