Python Blackjack

Question

Gim blackjack terminal sederhana yang ditulis dengan Python. Mengikuti aturan dasar blackjack: Blackjack membayar 3 banding 1, Hit, Stick, Double Down, dan Split Dealer hit hingga 17 Melacak beberapa data Menulisnya untuk mengerjakan pemrograman berorientasi objek, saya baru-baru ini baru dalam pengkodean, jika ada lihat tolong komentar bisa dilakukan lebih baik, terima kasih.https://github.com/jamucar/terminal-blackjack

#!/usr/bin/env python3
'''
Terminal Blackjack game with basic rules, bet, hit, stick, blackjack pays 3 to 2, double down and split your first hand.
'''

import random
import time
import os
import csv
import datetime
from functools import reduce


class Card:
    def __init__(self, suit, value):
        '''every card has a suit and value'''
        self.suit = suit
        self.value = value

    def __repr__(self):
        '''Oveloading the objects prit() function as if one card up one down'''
        return(f"+---+ +---+\n|{self.suit}  | |X X| \n| {self.value} | | X | \n|  {self.suit}| |X X|\n+---+ +---+")




class Deck:
    def __init__(self):
        '''Creates a list of card obects for every suit and value'''
        self.cards = 6 * [Card(s, v) for s in ["♣", "♠", "♦", "♥"] for v in
                      ["A", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "T", "J", "Q", "K"]]

    def shuffle(self):
        '''shuffle the card deck'''
        if len(self.cards) > 1:
            random.shuffle(self.cards)

    def cards_left(self):
        '''returns cards left in deck as int'''
        return (len(self.cards))

    def cards_in_deck(self):
        '''displays cards left in string'''
        return f'Cards in deck: {len(self.cards)}'

    def deal(self):
        '''removes a card from the deck'''
        return self.cards.pop(0)



class Hand:
    def __init__(self, dealer=False):
        '''the hand inclues a list with the cards, and the hands value'''
        self.dealer = dealer
        self.cards = []
        self.value = 0
        self.bet = 0


    def add_card(self, card):
        '''adds a card to the hand'''
        self.cards.append(card)



    def calculate_value(self):
        '''calculates the value of the hand'''
        self.value = 0
        has_ace = False
        for card in self.cards:
            if card.value.isnumeric():
                self.value += int(card.value)
            else:
                if card.value == "A":
                    has_ace = True
                    self.value += 11
                else:
                    self.value += 10

        if has_ace and self.value > 21:
            self.value -= 10


    def get_cards(self):
        return self.cards


    def get_value(self):
        '''calls calculate_value and returns the hand value'''
        self.calculate_value()
        return self.value


    def display(self):
        '''displays player cards and one of dealers cards'''
        if self.dealer and len(self.cards) == 2:

            print(self.cards[0])
        else:
            self.display_dealer()


    def display_dealer(self):
        '''Normal display for non hidden cards'''
        for i in range(len(self.cards)):
            print("+---+ ", end="")

        print()
        for i in range(len(self.cards)):
            card = self.cards[i]
            print("|{}  | ".format(card.suit), end="")

        print()
        for i in range(len(self.cards)):
            card = self.cards[i]
            print("| {} | ".format(card.value), end="")

        print()
        for i in range(len(self.cards)):
            card = self.cards[i]
            print("|  {}| ".format(card.suit), end="")

        print()
        for i in range(len(self.cards)):
            print("+---+ ", end="")
        print("\nValue:", self.get_value())


class Bankroll:
    def __init__(self):
        '''starts as 10000'''
        #self.money = 10000

        try:
            with open('data.csv','r') as file:
                reader = csv.reader(file)
                csv_file = csv.DictReader(file)
                rows = list(csv_file)
                x = rows[len(rows)-1]

                self.money = float(x.get("Bankroll"))

        except FileNotFoundError:
            with open('data.csv', 'w', newline = '') as file:
                writer = csv.writer(file)
                writer.writerow(["Date", "Hands_Won", "Hands_Lost", "Bankroll"])
                writer.writerow([datetime.datetime.now(), 0, 0, 10000])
                self.money = 10000


    def close(self, w, l):
        '''enters data in csv file, keeps track of bank'''
        with open('data.csv', 'a', newline='') as file:
            writer = csv.writer(file)
            writer.writerow([datetime.datetime.now(), w, l, self.money])


    def get_bankroll(self):
        '''returns money left'''
        return self.money

    def win(self, x):
        '''adds bet amount to bankroll if you win'''
        self.money += x

    def loose(self, x):
        '''removes bet amount from bankroll if you loose'''
        self.money -= x

    def __repr__(self):
        '''overloads bankroll print()'''
        return (f"{self.money}")





class Bet:
    def __init__(self):
        '''minimum bet is 50$, it is your rent for sitting in the table''' self.min = 50 self.amount = self.min def get_bet(self): '''returns bet amount''' return self.amount def create(self, x): self.amount = x return self.amount def more(self): '''adds min amount to current bet''' self.amount += self.min def double(self): self.amount += self.amount def display_bet(self): print(f'Current bet is {self.amount}') def __repr__(self): return (f"{self.amount}") class Game: def __init__(self): self.hands_won = 0 self.hands_lost = 0 self.bankroll = Bankroll() def play(self): '''Order of executions''' self.clear() self.init_deck() playing = True while playing: self.split = False self.player_hand = Hand() self.dealer_hand = Hand(dealer=True) self.bet = Bet() self.print_game(open = True) self.place_bet() for i in range(2): self.player_hand.add_card(self.deck.deal()) self.print_game() self.dealer_hand.add_card(self.deck.deal()) self.print_game() while True: if self.calculate_split(): self.split_hand() else: self.hit_stick_double(self.bet, self.player_hand) self.dealer_turn() self.get_results() break again = input("Play Again? [Y/N] ") while again.lower() not in ["y", "n"]: again = input("Please enter Y or N ") if again.lower() == "n": self.close() playing = False def hit_stick_double(self, bet, hand, hit = False): while hand.get_value() < 21: if hit: choice = self.choice(h = True) if choice in ['hit', 'h']: hand.add_card(self.deck.deal()) self.print_game() else: self.print_game() break else: choice = self.choice() if choice in ['hit', 'h']: hit = True hand.add_card(self.deck.deal()) self.print_game() elif choice in ["d", "double"]: hand.add_card(self.deck.deal()) bet.double() self.print_game() break else: self.print_game() break def split_hand(self): '''creates two new hands''' choice = self.choice(s = True) if choice in ['y', 'yes']: self.split = True cards = self.player_hand.get_cards() self.hand_1 = Hand() self.bet_1 = Bet() self.hand_1.add_card(card = cards[0]) self.bet_1.create(self.bet.get_bet()) self.hand_2 = Hand() self.bet_2 = Bet() self.hand_2.add_card(card = cards[1]) self.bet_2.create(self.bet.get_bet()) self.print_game() self.hand_1.add_card(self.deck.deal()) self.hand_2.add_card(self.deck.deal()) self.print_game() self.hit_stick_double(self.bet_1, self.hand_1) self.hit_stick_double(self.bet_2, self.hand_2) else: self.hit_stick_double(self.bet, self.player_hand) # def choice(self, s = False, h = False): if s: print ("You can split your hand!") choice = input("Do you want to split? [Yes / No] ").lower() while choice not in ["y", "n", "Yes", "No"]: choice = input("Please enter 'yes', 'no' or (or Y / N ) ").lower() return choice if h: choice = input("Please choose [Hit / Stick ] ").lower() while choice not in ["h", "s", "hit", "stick"]: choice = input("Please enter 'hit' or 'stick' (or H/S) ").lower() return choice else: choice = input("Please choose [Hit / Stick / Double] ").lower() while choice not in ["h", "s", "d", "hit", "stick", "double"]: choice = input("Please enter 'hit' , 'stick' or 'double' (or H/S/D) ").lower() return choice def clear(self): '''Clearing for os system''' # windows if os.name == 'nt': _ = os.system('cls') # mac and linux else: _ = os.system('clear') def init_deck(self): '''initialices the deck''' self.deck = Deck() self.deck.shuffle() print("Shuffling deck") for i in range(int((self.deck.cards_left()) / 6)): time.sleep(0.02) x = "/" print(i*x, end="\r") def place_bet(self): '''Asks the player if he wants the minimum bet or he wants to raise, will raise on 50 dollar intervals, will keep asking until he settles for ammount or reaches table limit which is 1000''' money = self.bet.get_bet() while money < 1000: self.print_game() print(f"Your bankroll is {self.bankroll} $")

            self.bet.display_bet()

            choice = input("Please choose [Raise or Stay] ").lower()
            while choice not in ["r", "s", "raise", "stay"]:
                choice = input("Please enter 'raise' or 'stay' (orR/S) ").lower()
            if choice in ['raise', 'r']:
                self.bet.more()
            else:
                break

    def calculate_split(self):
        '''calculates if split is possible'''
        cards = self.player_hand.get_cards()
        if cards[0].value == cards[1].value:
            return True


    def dealer_turn(self):
        '''Dealer allways hits untill 17'''
        self.print_game(dealer = True)
        while self.dealer_hand.get_value() < 17:
            self.dealer_hand.add_card(self.deck.deal())
            self.print_game(dealer = True)
            if self.player_is_over(dealer = True):
                print("Dealer Bust!")
                continue


    def get_results(self):
        '''
        Displays the results, if players hand value is bellow and closer to 21 than the dealers he wins, and adds bet to baknroll
        else if values are equal, as long as its bellow 21, its a tie, and you keep your bet.
        else if dealer goes over and you dont, you win and add bet to bankroll.
        else if both go over or any other condition, you loose the bet, like in casino
        '''

        if self.split:
            dealer_hand_value = self.dealer_hand.get_value()
            values = [[self.bet_1.get_bet() , self.bet_2.get_bet()] , [self.hand_1.get_value(), self.hand_2.get_value()]]
            self.print_game()
            self.get_winner(dealer_hand_value, values)

        else:
            player_hand_value = self.player_hand.get_value()
            dealer_hand_value = self.dealer_hand.get_value()
            bet = self.bet.get_bet()
            values =[[bet],[player_hand_value]]
            self.get_winner(dealer_hand_value, values)


    def get_winner(self, dealer_hand_value, values):
        '''analize who the winner is and money won or lost, works for split hand and normal hand'''

        self.print_game(dealer = True)
        print("Final Results:" )

        for i in range(len(values[1])):
            print("Hand:", i+1)

            if values[1][i] == 21 and dealer_hand_value != 21:
                print ("You Win")
                print ("Blackjack pays 3 to 2")
                print (f'collect your {(values[0][i] * 3) / 2}')
                self.hands_won += 1
                self.bankroll.win((values[0][i] * 3) / 2)


            elif (values[1][i] < 21) and (values[1][i] > dealer_hand_value):
                print("You Win!")
                print(f"collect your {values[0][i]} $") self.bankroll.win(values[0][i]) self.hands_won += 1 elif self.player_is_over(dealer = True) and values[1][i] <= 21: print("You Win, Dealer Bust!") print(f"collect your {values[0][i]} $")
                self.bankroll.win(values[0][i])
                self.hands_won += 1


            elif (values[1][i] == dealer_hand_value) and (values[1][i] <= 21):
                print("Tie!")

            else:
                print("Dealer Wins!")
                print (f"You loose {values[0][i]} $") self.bankroll.loose(values[0][i]) self.hands_lost += 1 print(f"Your bankroll is {self.bankroll} $")
        game_over = True

    def print_game(self, dealer = False, open = False):
        '''
        Prints the game, if dealer is false, one of his card is hidden
        if dealer is true he reaveals all his cards_in_deck
        the terminal is renewed everytime the function is called.
        '''
        time.sleep(0.5)
        self.clear()
        width, height = os.get_terminal_size()
    #    print_header()
        self.header()
        self.dealer = dealer
        print("\n---DEALER---")
        self.dealer_hand.display_dealer() if self.dealer else self.dealer_hand.display()

        if open and self.deck.cards_left() < 18:
            self.init_deck()
        else:
            print("/"* self.deck.cards_left())

        print("\n---PLAYER---")
        if self.split:
            print("First Hand")
            self.hand_1.display()
            print ('*'* self.bet_1.get_bet())
            print("Second Hand")
            self.hand_2.display()
            print ('*'* self.bet_2.get_bet())


        else:
            self.player_hand.display()
            self.bet.display_bet()
            print("*"* self.bet.get_bet())



    def player_is_over(self, dealer = False):
        '''Check if dealer or player have busted'''
        self.dealer = dealer

        if self.dealer:
            return self.dealer_hand.get_value() > 21

        return self.player_hand.get_value() > 21


    def close(self):
        '''enters data in csv file, keeps track of bank'''
        self.clear()
        self.header()
        print("Thanks for playing!")
        with open('data.csv', 'a', newline='') as file:
            writer = csv.writer(file)
            writer.writerow([datetime.datetime.now(), self.hands_won, self.hands_lost, self.bankroll])
        with open('data.csv', 'r') as file:
            reader = csv.reader(file)
            csv_file = csv.DictReader(file)
            rows = list(csv_file)
            wins = []
            loose = []
            for i in rows:
                wins.append(int(i.get("Hands_Won")))
                loose.append(int(i.get("Hands_Lost")))
            total_wins = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, wins)
            total_loose = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, loose)
            hands_played = total_wins + total_loose
            win_percent = int((total_wins / hands_played) * 100)
            loose_percent = int((total_loose / hands_played) * 100)
            print (f"You ar winning {win_percent}% of hands")
            print (f"You are loosing {loose_percent}% of hands")
            average_hand = round((abs(10000 - self.bankroll.get_bankroll())) / hands_played, 2)
            print (f"You are winning an average of {average_hand}$ per hand") if self.bankroll.get_bankroll() >= 10000 \ else print (f"You are loosing an average of {average_hand}$ per hand")
            print (f"Your bankroll is {self.bankroll}$")



    def header(self):
        width, height = os.get_terminal_size()
        print("#" * width)
        name = "Natural 21"
        m = " " * (int(width/2) - len(name))
        print(m + name + m)
        print("#" * width)





if __name__ == "__main__":
    g = Game()
    try:
        g.play()
    except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
        g.close()

Answer 1

Logika 1

def shuffle(self):
    '''shuffle the card deck'''
    if len(self.cards) > 1:
        random.shuffle(self.cards)

The lencek tidak perlu. shuffletidak akan mogok pada daftar dengan 0 atau 1 elemen di dalamnya.

Logika 2

if has_ace and self.value > 21:
    self.value -= 10

Bagaimana jika Anda memiliki lebih dari satu Ace di tangan? Bisakah masing-masing dihitung sebagai 1atau hanya yang pertama? Saya pikir Anda memiliki kesalahan logis di sini.

Kode 1

def get_value(self):
    '''calls calculate_value and returns the hand value'''
    self.calculate_value()
    return self.value

Anda selalu menghitung nilainya sebelum mengembalikannya, yang menurut saya bagus.

Tapi itu juga berarti tidak ada gunanya menyimpan nilai di tangan itu this.value. Anda sebaiknya mengembalikan nilai yang dihitung dari calculate_value()fungsi tanpa menyimpannya this.value.

Maka Anda juga tidak membutuhkan kedua fungsi calculate_value()dan get_value(), karena get_value()baru saja kembali calculate_value().

Perbaikan kode 1

    for i in range(len(self.cards)):
        print("+---+ ", end="")

Karena Anda tidak menggunakan indeks atau kartu dalam loop ini, Anda dapat langsung mencetak string panjang seperti ini:

print("+---+ " * len(self.cards), end="")

Perbaikan kode 2

    for i in range(len(self.cards)):
        card = self.cards[i]
        print("|{}  | ".format(card.suit), end="")

Anda dapat mengulang kartu secara langsung seperti ini

for card in self.cards:
    print("|{}  | ".format(card.suit), end="")

Penamaan 1

def get_bet(self):
    '''returns bet amount'''
    return self.amount

Metode pengambil biasanya dinamai seperti variabel yang mereka peroleh, jadi Anda harus mengubah fungsi menjadi def get_amount(self):atau mengubah amountvariabel yang akan dinamai bet. Tetapi karena kelas tersebut dinamai Bet, bukanlah ide yang baik untuk memiliki variabel dengan nama yang sama di dalam kelas, jadi ubah nama metode.

Kode yang tidak digunakan

Anda memiliki banyak variabel yang tidak digunakan seperti readerdi baris 512 dan width, heightdi baris 464, dan banyak lagi. Saya menyarankan menggunakan editor kode seperti misalnya PyCharm, yang akan melihat kesalahan seperti itu secara otomatis dan membantu Anda bekerja lebih efisien.