python meminta kesalahan POST, masalah sesi?

Question

Saya mencoba meniru tindakan browser berikut melalui python requests:

1. Mendarat di https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en/to_nlp_start
2. Klik "Opsi pencarian lainnya"
3. Klik checkbox "Juga mencari data historicised" (bersesuaian dengan POST param: isHistorical: true)
4. Klik tombol "Cari posisi pendek bersih"
5. Klik tombol "Als CSV herunterladen" untuk mendownload file csv

Ini adalah kode yang saya harus mensimulasikan ini:

import requests
import re

s = requests.Session()
r = s.get("https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en/to_nlp_start", verify=False, allow_redirects=True)

matches = re.search(
        r'form class="search-form" id=".*" method="post" action="\.(?P<appendtxt>.*)"',
        r.text
    )
request_url = f"https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en{matches.group('appendtxt')}"
sr = session.post(request_url, data={'isHistorical': 'true', 'nlp-search-button': 'Search net short positions'}, allow_redirects=True)

Namun, meskipun srmemberi saya status_code 200, itu benar-benar kesalahan ketika saya memeriksa sr.url, yang menunjukkanhttps://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en/error-404?9

Menggali sedikit lebih dalam, saya perhatikan bahwa di request_urlatas memutuskan sesuatu seperti

https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en/nlp;wwwsid=EFEB15CD4ADC8932A91BA88B561A50E9.web07-pub?0-1.-nlp~filter~form~panel-form

tetapi ketika saya memeriksa url permintaan di Chrome, sebenarnya itu

https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en/nlp?87-1.-nlp~filter~form~panel-form`

Di 87sini tampaknya berubah, menunjukkan itu beberapa ID sesi, tetapi ketika saya melakukan ini menggunakannya requeststampaknya tidak menyelesaikan dengan benar.

Tahu apa yang saya lewatkan di sini?

Answer 1

Anda dapat mencoba skrip ini untuk mendownload file CSV:

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup


url = 'https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en/to_nlp_start'

data = {
    'fulltext': '',
    'positionsinhaber': '',
    'ermittent': '',
    'isin': '',
    'positionVon': '',
    'positionBis': '',
    'datumVon': '',
    'datumBis': '',
    'isHistorical': 'true',
    'nlp-search-button': 'Search+net+short+positions'
}

headers = {
    'Referer': 'https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/'
}

with requests.session() as s:
    soup = BeautifulSoup(s.get(url).content, 'html.parser')

    action = soup.find('form', action=lambda t: 'nlp~filter~form~panel-for' in t)['action']
    u = 'https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en' + action.strip('.')    

    soup = BeautifulSoup( s.post(u, data=data, headers=headers).content, 'html.parser' )

    a = soup.select_one('a[title="Download as CSV"]')['href']
    a = 'https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/pub/en' + a.strip('.')    

    print( s.get(a, headers=headers).content.decode('utf-8-sig') ) 

Cetakan:

"Positionsinhaber","Emittent","ISIN","Position","Datum"
"Citadel Advisors LLC","LEONI AG","DE0005408884","0,62","2020-08-21"
"AQR Capital Management, LLC","Evotec SE","DE0005664809","1,10","2020-08-21"
"BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Limited","thyssenkrupp AG","DE0007500001","1,50","2020-08-21"
"BlackRock Investment Management (UK) Limited","Deutsche Lufthansa Aktiengesellschaft","DE0008232125","0,75","2020-08-21"
"Citadel Europe LLP","TAG Immobilien AG","DE0008303504","0,70","2020-08-21"
"Davidson Kempner European Partners, LLP","TAG Immobilien AG","DE0008303504","0,36","2020-08-21"
"Maplelane Capital, LLC","VARTA AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT","DE000A0TGJ55","1,15","2020-08-21"


...and so on.

Answer 2

Jika Anda memeriksa https://www.bundesanzeiger.de/robots.txt, situs web ini tidak suka diindeks. Situs web tersebut dapat menolak akses ke agen pengguna default yang digunakan oleh bot. Ini mungkin membantu: Permintaan Python vs. robots.txt