Déformer un ombrage complexe
Sep 11 2020
J'essaie de recréer une image dans Ti k Z. Ce qui est ci-dessous à gauche est l'original, et ce qui est en dessous à droite est mon travail jusqu'à présent.
Voici un MWE qui générera mon résultat actuel:
\documentclass[margin=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing,positioning}
\begin{document}
\pgfdeclareverticalshading{rainbow}{2cm}{color(0mm)=(red); color(4mm)=(orange); color(7mm)=(yellow); color(8mm)=(yellow); color(11mm)=(green); color(14mm)=(blue!50); color(15mm)=(blue!50); color(20mm)=(purple)}
\begin{tikzpicture}[yscale=1.4]
\footnotesize
\begin{scope}[
every node/.style={black,midway,text width=2cm,align=center}
]
\fill [gray!50] (0,0) rectangle (2,1) node{Radio waves};
\fill [brown!65!black!55] (0,1) rectangle (2,3.5) node{Microwave};
\fill [brown!60!red!40] (0,3.5) rectangle (2,4.75) node{Thermal infrared};
\fill [brown!40!red!60] (0,4.75) rectangle (2,5.625) node{Middle infrared};
\fill [brown!20!red!70] (0,5.625) rectangle (2,6.375) node{Shortwave infrared};
\fill [red!80] (0,6.375) rectangle (2,6.875) node{Near infrared};
\shade [shading=rainbow] (0,6.875) rectangle (2,7.5) node{Visible};
\fill [red!60!blue!30] (0,7.5) rectangle (2,8.75) node{Ultraviolet};
\fill [red!20!blue!27] (0,8.75) rectangle (2,10.375) node{X-rays};
\fill [red!20!blue!27] (0,10.375) rectangle (2,12) node{Gamma rays};
\end{scope}
\draw (0,0) -- (0,12);
\draw (2,0) -- (2,12);
\draw [densely dashed] (0,7.75) -- ++(2,0) node[right,text width=1cm]{0.28};
\foreach \y/\val in {1/$10^6$\\(1 m),3.5/$10^3$\\(1 mm),4.75/5.50,5.625/3.00,6.375/1.50,6.875/0.70,7.5/0.40,8.75/$0.01(10^{-2})$,10.375/} {
\draw (0,\y) -- ++(2,0) node[right,text width=1cm]{\val};
}
\node [anchor=west,text width=1cm] at (2,2.6) {$10^4$};
\node [anchor=west,text width=1cm] at (2,9.6) {$10^{-4}$};
\node [anchor=west,text width=1cm] at (2,11.8) {$10^{-8}$};
\node [rotate=90] at (3.6,6) {Micrometers ($\mu$m)};
\shade [shading=rainbow] (-2,6.375) rectangle (-1.5,8);
\draw [densely dashed] (0,6.875) -- (-1.5,6.375) (0,7.5) -- (-1.5,8);
\begin{scope}[node distance=-1.6pt]
\node (a) at (-2.5,7.9) {0.400};
\node (b) [below=of a] {0.424};
\node (c) [below=of b] {0.491};
\node (d) [below=of c] {0.575};
\node (e) [below=of d] {0.585};
\node (f) [below=of e] {0.647};
\node (g) [below=of f] {0.710};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[
every path/.style={decorate,decoration={brace,mirror}},
every node/.style={left=1.3cm,anchor=west}
]
\draw (a.west) -- node(v){Violet} (b.west);
\draw (b.west) -- node{Blue} (c.west);
\draw (c.west) -- node{Green} (d.west);
\draw (d.west) -- node{Yellow} (e.west);
\draw (e.west) -- node{Orange} (f.west);
\draw (f.west) -- node(r){Red} (g.west);
\end{scope}
\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,mirror}] (v.north west) -- node[rotate=90,above]{Visible light} (r.south west);
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,11.2) {Energy discharges from atomic nuclei};
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,9.5) {\quad(hard X-ray)\\Medical applications\\\quad(soft X-ray)};
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,4.1) {Heat lamp};
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,2.3) {Microwave\\radar};
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,0.5) {Television\\FM radio\\[6pt]AM radio};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
Comme vous pouvez le voir, j'ai presque tout rapproché assez à mon goût. Cependant, je ne peux pas comprendre comment créer l'ombrage arc-en-ciel qui se déploie en douceur vers l'extérieur. Pour répéter, je peux faire l'ombrage arc-en-ciel linéairement via \pgfdeclareverticalshadingcomme indiqué, mais je ne sais pas comment créer la région de transition trapézoïdale à partir de l'ombrage écrasé étiqueté «visible» à l'ombrage plus long avec des nombres à sa gauche. Je sais que c'est une petite chose, mais je suis juste curieuse parce que j'ai beaucoup regardé autour de ce site Web et du manuel PGF et je n'ai pas été en mesure de le comprendre :)
Faites-moi savoir si je peux fournir autre chose, merci!
Réponses
3 vipa Sep 12 2020 at 15:54
En utilisant un petit truc.
\documentclass[margin=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing,positioning}
\begin{document}
\pgfdeclareverticalshading{rainbow}{2cm}{color(0mm)=(red); color(4mm)=(orange); color(7mm)=(yellow); color(8mm)=(yellow); color(11mm)=(green); color(14mm)=(blue!50); color(15mm)=(blue!50); color(20mm)=(purple)}
\begin{tikzpicture}[yscale=1.4]
\footnotesize
\begin{scope}[
every node/.style={black,midway,text width=2cm,align=center}
]
\fill [gray!50] (0,0) rectangle (2,1) node{Radio waves};
\fill [brown!65!black!55] (0,1) rectangle (2,3.5) node{Microwave};
\fill [brown!60!red!40] (0,3.5) rectangle (2,4.75) node{Thermal infrared};
\fill [brown!40!red!60] (0,4.75) rectangle (2,5.625) node{Middle infrared};
\fill [brown!20!red!70] (0,5.625) rectangle (2,6.375) node{Shortwave infrared};
\fill [red!80] (0,6.375) rectangle (2,6.875) node{Near infrared};
\shade [shading=rainbow] (0,6.875) rectangle (2,7.5) node{Visible};
\fill [red!60!blue!30] (0,7.5) rectangle (2,8.75) node{Ultraviolet};
\fill [red!20!blue!27] (0,8.75) rectangle (2,10.375) node{X-rays};
\fill [red!20!blue!27] (0,10.375) rectangle (2,12) node{Gamma rays};
\end{scope}
\draw (0,0) -- (0,12);
\draw (2,0) -- (2,12);
\draw [densely dashed] (0,7.75) -- ++(2,0) node[right,text width=1cm]{0.28};
\foreach \y/\val in {1/$10^6$\\(1 m),3.5/$10^3$\\(1 mm),4.75/5.50,5.625/3.00,6.375/1.50,6.875/0.70,7.5/0.40,8.75/$0.01(10^{-2})$,10.375/} {
\draw (0,\y) -- ++(2,0) node[right,text width=1cm]{\val};
}
\node [anchor=west,text width=1cm] at (2,2.6) {$10^4$};
\node [anchor=west,text width=1cm] at (2,9.6) {$10^{-4}$};
\node [anchor=west,text width=1cm] at (2,11.8) {$10^{-8}$};
\node [rotate=90] at (3.6,6) {Micrometers ($\mu$m)};
\shade [shading=rainbow] (-2,6.375)coordinate(DLVis) rectangle (-1.5,8) coordinate(URVis);
% trick
\foreach \hShift[evaluate=\hShift as \vShift using \hShift/3] in {0,0.01,...,1.5} {
\shade[shading=rainbow] ([shift={(\hShift cm,-\vShift cm)}]URVis) -- +(0.01cm,0) |- ([shift={(\hShift cm,\vShift cm)}]URVis |- DLVis) -- cycle;
}
%\draw [densely dashed] (0,6.875) -- (-1.5,6.375) (0,7.5) -- (-1.5,8);
\begin{scope}[node distance=-1.6pt]
\node (a) at (-2.5,7.9) {0.400};
\node (b) [below=of a] {0.424};
\node (c) [below=of b] {0.491};
\node (d) [below=of c] {0.575};
\node (e) [below=of d] {0.585};
\node (f) [below=of e] {0.647};
\node (g) [below=of f] {0.710};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[
every path/.style={decorate,decoration={brace,mirror}},
every node/.style={left=1.3cm,anchor=west}
]
\draw (a.west) -- node(v){Violet} (b.west);
\draw (b.west) -- node{Blue} (c.west);
\draw (c.west) -- node{Green} (d.west);
\draw (d.west) -- node{Yellow} (e.west);
\draw (e.west) -- node{Orange} (f.west);
\draw (f.west) -- node(r){Red} (g.west);
\end{scope}
\draw [decorate,decoration={brace,mirror}] (v.north west) -- node[rotate=90,above]{Visible light} (r.south west);
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,11.2) {Energy discharges from atomic nuclei};
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,9.5) {\quad(hard X-ray)\\Medical applications\\\quad(soft X-ray)};
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,4.1) {Heat lamp};
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,2.3) {Microwave\\radar};
\node [anchor=west,text width=3cm] at (-4.7,0.5) {Television\\FM radio\\[6pt]AM radio};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
