Bagaimana cara menulis grafiti, yaitu teks pada permukaan poligon di Graphics3D?

Question

Apakah ada cara yang relatif mudah untuk menempatkan Teks [] pada Polygon [] di Graphics3D? Misalnya, saya ingin teks saya muncul seolah-olah tertulis di "dinding" abu-abu terang pada gambar terlampir, sehingga teks tersebut akan tetap terpasang di dinding saat sudut pandang diubah.

Answer 1

Saya akan melihat video Wolfram-U untuk Grafik 3D Tingkat Lanjut dalam Bahasa Wolfram dan mengunduh notebook. Lihat slide 22 dan billboard3Dfungsinya karena saya akan mengadaptasi kode untuk menyertakan "coretan" pada enam sisi di bawah ini:

Clear[billboard3D];
billboard3D[s_, 
   width_, {x_, y_, z_}, {nx_, ny_, nz_}, {hx_, hy_, hz_}] :=
  Module[{img = Rasterize[s, "Image", Background -> None], height},
   height = width ImageAspectRatio[img];
   {
    FaceForm[White], EdgeForm[],
    Texture[ImageData[img]],
    GeometricTransformation[
     Polygon[{{-.5 width, .5 height, 0}, {.5 width, .5 height, 
        0}, {.5 width, -.5 height, 0}, {-.5 width, -.5 height, 0}}, 
      VertexTextureCoordinates -> {{0, 1}, {1, 1}, {1, 0}, {0, 0}}],
     Quiet@
      Composition[TranslationTransform[{x, y, z}], 
       RotationTransform[{{0, 1, 0}, {hx, hy, hz}}], 
       RotationTransform[{{0, 0, 1}, {nx, ny, nz}}]]]
    }
   ];

Framed[
 Graphics3D[{
   
   (* Add a Plot3D Object *)
   Plot3D[ 
     0.9 Exp[-9 ((x - 1/2)^2 + (y - 1/2)^2)], {x, 0, 1}, {y, 0, 1}, 
     PlotRange -> {0, 2}, ColorFunction -> "TemperatureMap", 
     PlotStyle -> Directive[Opacity[0.5], Red]][[1]],
   (* View frustum *)
   FaceForm[], EdgeForm[GrayLevel[.25]], Cuboid[],
   
   (* Camera *)
   FaceForm[GrayLevel[.25]], EdgeForm[], Specularity[White, 30],
   Cuboid[{.45, -1, .4}, {.55, -1.3, .6}],
   Cylinder[{{.475, -1.1, .65}, {.525, -1.1, .65}}, .05],
   Cylinder[{{.475, -1.2, .65}, {.525, -1.2, .65}}, .05],
   Cylinder[{{.5, -1, .5}, {.5, -.9, .5}}, .05],
   Cylinder[{{.5, -1.15, .5}, {.5, -.9, 0}}, .01],
   Cylinder[{{.5, -1.15, .5}, {.35, -1.3, 0}}, .01],
   Cylinder[{{.5, -1.15, .5}, {.65, -1.3, 0}}, .01],
   billboard3D[
    Style["ViewPoint", 24, Bold, 
     FontFamily -> "Courier"], .4, {.5, -1.15, .8}, {1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 
     1}],
   
   (* View span *)
   GrayLevel[.25],
   With[{p = {.5, -.9, .5}}, 
    Line[{{p, {0, 0, 0}}, {p, {1, 0, 0}}, {p, {0, 0, 1}}, {p, {1, 0, 
        1}}}]],
   
   (* View angle *)
   Gray, Dashed,
   With[{p = {.5, -.9, .5}}, Line[{{p, {.5, 0, 1}, {.5, 0, 0}, p}}]],
   Arrowheads[{-.015, .015}], 
   Arrow[BezierCurve[{{.5, -.5, 
       0.28}, {.5, -.4, .5}, {.5, -.5, .72}}]],
   billboard3D[
    Style["ViewAngle", 24, Bold, 
     FontFamily -> "Courier"], .3, {.5, -.4, .45}, {1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 
     1}],
   
   (* View vertical *)
   billboard3D[
    Style["ViewVertical", 24, Bold, 
     FontFamily -> "Courier"], .35, {.5, -.05, .75}, {1, 0, 
     0}, {0, -1, 0}],
   
   (* View center *)
   PointSize[Large], Point[{{.5, .5, .5}, {.5, 0, .5}}],
   Arrowheads[.015], Arrow[{{.5, .5, .5}, {.5, 0, .5}}],
   billboard3D[
    Style["ViewCenter", 24, Bold, 
     FontFamily -> "Courier"], .25, {.5, .25, .55}, {1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 
     1}],
   
   (* View range *)
   Gray,
   Line[{{{1, 0, 0}, {1, 0, -.1}}, {{1, 1, 0}, {1, 1, -.1}}}],
   Arrowheads[{-.02, .02}], Arrow[{{1, 0, -0.05}, {1, 1, -.05}}],
   billboard3D[
    Style["ViewRange", 24, Bold, 
     FontFamily -> "Courier"], .4, {1.075, .5, -.1}, {1, 0, 0}, {0, 0,
      1}],
   
   (* View left wall *)
   billboard3D[
    Style["Left Wall", 24, Bold, FontFamily -> "Courier"], .35, {0, 
     0.5, .5}, {1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1}],
   
   (* View right wall *)
   billboard3D[
    Style["Right Wall", 24, Bold, FontFamily -> "Courier"], .35, {1, 
     0.5, .5}, {1, 0, 0}, {0, 0, 1}],
   
   (* View top wall *)
   billboard3D[
    Style["Top Wall", 24, Bold, FontFamily -> "Courier"], .35, {0.5, 
     0.5, 1}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 1, 0}],
   
   (* View bottom wall *)
   billboard3D[
    Style["Bottom Wall", 24, Bold, 
     FontFamily -> "Courier"], .35, {0.5, 0.5, 0}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 1, 
     0}],
   
   (* View front wall *)
   billboard3D[
    Style["Front Wall", 24, Bold, FontFamily -> "Courier"], .35, {0.5,
      0, 0.5}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 0, 1}],
   
   (* View back wall *)
   billboard3D[
    Style["Back Wall", 24, Bold, FontFamily -> "Courier"], .35, {0.5, 
     1, 0.5}, {0, 0, 1}, {0, 0, 1}]
   
   },
  Boxed -> False, ImageSize -> 750, Lighting -> "Neutral",
  ViewPoint -> {5, -2, 1.5}
  ],
 FrameMargins -> 20, FrameStyle -> GrayLevel[.75]]